ParaGeo-IX Tutorial Examples

 

Intersect (IX) is Chevron’s next generation reservoir simulator. Intersect is an adaptive-implicit black oil, compositional, and thermal simulator based on next-generation architecture. It is being developed under a multi-year collaborative project involving Chevron, Schlumberger, and Total. It offers improved performance and scalability that makes it ideal for large and highly heterogeneous simulation models with complex grid geometries. Another benefit is the flexible field management system.

 

This set of tutorial examples show how to perform a coupled simulation using the advanced geomechanical framework of ParaGeo with the flow capabilities of IX. To that end Pore Volume Compressibility tests (PVC) and simulations of reservoir production at field scale will be undertaken.

 

The PVC tests (IX_001) are performed using ParaGeo only and serve to provide understanding of the geomechanical processes occurring during production at reservoir conditions. Both Poroelastic and poro-elasto-plastic (SR4) simulations are undertaken to understand the influence of plasticity on property evolution.

 

The reservoir production field scale simulations (IX_002) use the coupling capabilities between ParaGeo and IX and show the file set up to perform coupled simulations and the response of a field scale model during production. Single porosity/single permeability and a couple of different dual porosity/dual permeability models are undertaken showing the influence of fractures in the flow pathways and hence on stress distribution evolution during production. Note that in that example the geomechanical influence of fractures is ignored.

 

The fractured PVC test (IX_003) is simulated using ParaGeo only and aims to show the geomechanical influence of fractures in the system.

 

 

 

INDEX

 

 

Title

Analysis Type - Features List / Utility

Model

Coupling ParaGeo to External Reservoir Simulators

IX_001 PVC test

Mechanical (2D) using ParaGeo

 

Case 1 Poroelastic simulation

Case 2 Poro-elasto-plastic (SR4) simulation

Pore Volume Compressibility (PVC) test data definition

Poroelastic / with SR4 plasticity materials

IX_001_Fig01           IX_001_Fig02

IX_002 Reservoir simulation

Coupled HM (3D) using ParaGeo-IX

 

IX Model Definition files

IX Coupling Files

Parageo geometry generation

 

Introduction to IX model

Description of IX coupling files (.afi, .ixf)

Description of generation of ParaGeo geometry (.geo) and reservoir mesh in IX format (.bin)

 

IX_002_Fig01

SPSK_1 model (SR4 plasticity)

SPSK_2 model (poroelasticity only)

Single Porosity Single Permeability (SPSK) models

Poroelastic / with SR4 plasticity materials

Influence of fractures in flow pathways only (no geomechanical considerations)

IX_002_Fig18

DPDK_1 model (pervasive fractures on the reservoir)

DPDK_2 model (fracture corridor on the reservoir)

Dual Porosity Dual Permeability (DPDK) models

Fractured reservoir / Fracture corridor

Influence of fractures in flow pathways only (no geomechanical considerations)

IX_002_Fig05IX_002_Fig06

Fracture corridor: ParaGeo (left), IX (right) meshes with fractured cells

IX_003 Fractured PVC test

Mechanical (3D) using ParaGeo

 

Case 1a Poroelastic simulation

Case 1b Poro-elasto-plastic (SR4) simulation

Case 2a (poroelastic) and Case2b (SR4)with 2 sets of fractures

Pore Volume Compressibility (PVC) test

Poroelastic / with SR4 plasticity materials

Single hex element continuum fracture model with one/two fracture sets

Geomechanical influence due to fractures

              Mat_003_00

(a) Schematic of PVC test, (b) Model with 1 fracture set (Case 1), (c) with 2 fracture sets (Case 2)