Geological Modelling Workflow and Restoration
Contents
INDEX
Title |
Analysis Type - Features List / Utility |
Model |
Restoration |
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Mechanical (2D) |
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•Case 2 Restoration with Bedding Plane Slip •Case 3 Restoration with Decompaction (Synchronous) •Case 3b Restoration with Decompaction (Sequential) •Case 4 Force-based bed length constraint (High stiffness) |
•Restoration - translate/restore •Restoration with bedding plane slip •Restoration with decompaction following prescribed porosity vs depth trend •Part geometry data •Stratigraphy definition •Top surface bed-length constraint/preservation using force/displacement |
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Mechanical (2D) |
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•Step 2 Forward create data file •Step 3 Description of the generated forward simulation data file |
•Faulted model with contact •Restoration with decompaction •Utility to create forward model data from restoration |
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Rest_002b Restoration to forward: A normal fault model in 3D (Currently unavailable) |
Mechanical (3D) |
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•Step 1 Restoration
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•Faulted model with contact •Restoration with decompaction
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Rest_003 Restoration to forward work flow for mini-basin type models (Currently unavailable) |
Mechanical (2D) |
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•Step 1 Restoration |
•Restoration with decompaction •Output of isopachs as sedimentation horizons |
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•Step 2 Forward simulation |
•Forward simulation using extracted isopachs from restoration
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Geological Modelling Workflow |
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Mechanical (2D) |
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•Geometry .dxf preparation in CAD •.dxf to ParaGeo geometry .geo workflow •Restoration with decompaction •Forward simulation •Utility to create forward model data from restoration |
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ParaGeo Utility Mechanical & Coupled THM (3D) |
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•Zmap file import and export to Abaqus .inp file utility •Conversion of .inp file to ParaGeo .geo file •Hydrocarbon generation layers •Restoration modelling (geomechanical) •Sedimentation modelling (THM) •Moving water table with time •Directional decompaction •Boundary node extraction from irregular boundaries •Hexahedral mesh model •Basal thermal flux |
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•Case03a 3D Small Irregular Grid Model with 'Ragged' Boundaries |
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•Case03b 3D Large Irregular Grid Model with 'Ragged' Boundaries |
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Mechanical & Coupled THM (3D) |
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•Membrane elements for bed length preservation •Boundary column nodes with coupled freedoms |
(a) Membrane (triangle) elements on top surface (b) Column of coupled nodes on boundary |
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•With spatial distribution of material property facies |
Facies distribution in Formation 08 in tutorial sub-model |
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•With erosion in restoration & sedimentation |
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•With spatial distribution basal heat flux |
Basal heat flux distribution |
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•Case05 Additional functionality for Facies modelling oCase05a Standard reference case oCase05b Facies with deactivated fluid flow oCase05c Facies with permeability multipliers oCase05d1 Facies with advection terms active oCase05d2 Facies with advection terms deactivated |
•Additional functionalities for Facies: oDeactivation of fluid flow oPermeability multipliers oDeactivation of advective heat flow |
Large overpressure due to no flow across or along seals |
ParaGeo Utility Mechanical (3D) |
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•Zmap file import and export to Abaqus .inp file utility •Conversion of .inp file to ParaGeo .geo file •Hex to TET conversion •Restoration modelling with adaptivity (geomechanical) •Utility to create forward model data from restoration •Sedimentation modelling (geomechanical) •Spatial distribution of facies |
Facies distribution from zmap (left) and after forward modelling (right) |
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•Case02 Forward simulation from a non-final restoration paleo-time |
•Utility to read plot file results and export a spatial grid •Utility to create forward model data from restoration •Sedimentation modelling (geomechanical) •Spatial distribution of facies |
Schematic of the workflow |
Hydrocarbon Maturation |
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Coupled THM (2D) |
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•THM sedimentation •Multi-kerogen sediment layers •Influence of HC kinetics on pore pressure, porosity and strength •Combined use of two damping models for long column |
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